中文导读 《卫报》10月18日发自意大利撒丁岛博洛塔纳的报道,介绍了这个人口2266人的山村里引人注目的女性长寿现象。萨萨里大学与美国阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校等机构的研究者于10月5日在《衰老前沿》期刊发表简报:根据2021—2025年当地民事与教区记录,博洛塔纳活到70岁的女性约有13.8%的概率活到100岁,男性约为4.9%;在研究列出的国际参照中,当地女性仅次于香港,且约为美国女性的三倍多。文章从101岁的乔瓦娜和99岁的玛丽安杰拉姐妹写起,说明撒丁岛最初的“蓝区”以男性长寿为主,而这里的特点是女性长寿;当地文化团体查阅档案发现,1900—1925年出生的村民中有38人活过百岁。研究者正从家族谱系中寻找遗传线索,同时关注饮食、陡峭街道带来的日常步行、社交关系和“姐妹情谊”。文章最后交代研究的边界:村庄人口少、不同时期结果有差异,因此目前只是“候选蓝区”,还需要更长时间的观察。
正文 In Bolotana , a mountain village in central Sardinia , two sisters still open the door to visitors themselves . Giovanna Marras is 101, and her sister Mariangela is 99. They once ran a clothing business together , and they still cook for themselves . According to a Guardian report on October 18, the sisters are part of an unusual pattern that scientists now want to explain .
本段译文 在撒丁岛中部的山村博洛塔纳,有一对姐妹至今仍亲自为来访者开门。乔瓦娜·马拉斯101岁,她的妹妹玛丽安杰拉99岁。她们曾一起经营一家服装生意,如今仍自己做饭。据《卫报》10月18日报道,这对姐妹是一种不寻常现象的一部分,科学家们现在希望弄清其中原因。
A study published on October 5 in the journal Frontiers in Aging looked at local records from 2021 to 2025. It found that a woman in Bolotana who reaches 70 has about a 13.8 percent chance of living to 100. For men , the figure was about 4.9 percent . Among the places compared , only Hong Kong did better for women , and the Bolotana figure was more than three times that of American women .
本段译文 10月5日发表在《衰老前沿》(Frontiers in Aging)期刊上的一项研究,考察了当地2021年至2025年的记录。研究发现,博洛塔纳活到70岁的女性,大约有13.8%的概率活到100岁;男性的这一数字约为4.9%。在比较的地区中,只有香港女性的数字更高,而博洛塔纳的这一数字是美国女性的三倍多。
Sardinia is famous for long lives . More than 25 years ago , some of its villages became the first “blue zone ”, an area with an unusually high number of people who live to 100. But in that area , most of the very old people were men . “What’s special here is that for the first time we’ve identified an area where women live to a great age ,” said Giovanni Mario Pes , who led the study .
本段译文 撒丁岛以长寿闻名。25年多以前,岛上的一些村庄成为第一个“蓝区”,即百岁老人数量异常多的地区。但在那个地区,高龄老人大多是男性。“这里的特别之处在于,我们第一次发现了一个女性长寿的地区,”领导这项研究的乔瓦尼·马里奥·佩斯说。
Village history supports the picture . Tore Pedde of a local cultural group searched old birth records . Of the people born in Bolotana between 1900 and 1925, 38 lived past 100, a rate 57 percent higher than the Italian average .
本段译文 村里的历史也印证了这一情况。当地一个文化团体的托雷·佩德翻查了旧的出生记录。在1900年至1925年间出生于博洛塔纳的人中,有38人活过了100岁,这一比例比意大利平均水平高57%。
The reasons are not yet clear . Women generally live longer than men for biological reasons , so the team is studying family trees for genetic clues . They are also looking at diet , exercise and social life . The streets are steep , so walking is daily exercise , and many people still eat vegetables from their own gardens . Filomena Scarpa , a former language teacher who turned 100 in January , began learning German in her 90s and sees a personal trainer twice a week .
本段译文 原因目前尚不清楚。由于生物学原因,女性通常比男性长寿,因此研究团队正在研究家族谱系,寻找遗传方面的线索。他们也在关注饮食、运动和社交生活。村里街道陡峭,走路就成了日常锻炼,许多人仍吃自家菜园种的蔬菜。今年1月满100岁的前语言教师菲洛梅娜·斯卡尔帕,90多岁时开始学德语,现在每周跟私人教练锻炼两次。
Pes also noticed a “strong sense of sisterhood ” among the women , something he wants to study . The mayor , Francesco Manconi , said older people receive a lot of natural affection from family , neighbors and friends , and the village tries to help them stay in their own homes .
本段译文 佩斯还注意到女性之间有一种“强烈的姐妹情谊”,他希望对此进行研究。镇长弗朗切斯科·曼科尼说,老人们从家人、邻居和朋友那里得到许多自然而然的关爱,村里也努力帮助他们留在自己家中生活。
Still , the study calls Bolotana only a candidate blue zone . The village has just 2,266 residents , so small changes can move the numbers , and the advantage was weaker from 2015 to 2019. The researchers say longer observation is needed before it can be called an established one .
本段译文 不过,这项研究只把博洛塔纳称为“候选”蓝区。该村只有2266名居民,小小的变化就可能影响数据,而且在2015年至2019年间,这种优势并不那么明显。研究人员表示,需要更长时间的观察,才能把它称为确定的蓝区。
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