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鲨鱼生态旅游能否带来长期保护行动？悉尼大学团队10月13日在《npj Ocean Sustainability》发表研究：在夏威夷跟踪两类人群——参加奥阿胡岛体验式鲨鱼旅游（潜水/浮潜，并由海洋生物学家讲解保护知识）、以及怀基基海滩抽样的公众；在活动当时与两年后再测保护行为。结果发现，两年后旅游参与者从事鲨鱼保护相关行动的可能性，比「若未参加」的预期高出约40%；两组都有增加，但旅游组增幅明显更大。在控制起点差异后，参与者增长最多的是发社交媒体、签名请愿、捐款与推动立法。全球鲨鱼数量过去50年约降71%，约三分之一物种受威胁，而每年逾50万人参加鲨/鳐互动生态活动。文中据EurekAlert与悉尼大学相关稿改写。

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People who join shark ecotourism tours may keep protecting sharks long after the trip ends. A new study from the University of Sydney finds that participants were more likely, two years later, to donate money, sign petitions, or speak up online for shark protection. The research, published on October 13, 2026 in the journal npj Ocean Sustainability, is the first to show enduring conservation commitment of at least two years among shark ecotourists. Coupled with more positive news and online sentiment toward sharks in recent years, the authors suggest the industry’s benefits may go beyond local economic gains.

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参加鲨鱼生态旅游的人，或许在行程结束后仍会持续保护鲨鱼。悉尼大学一项新研究发现，参与者在两年后更可能捐款、签署请愿书，或在网上为保护鲨鱼发声。该研究于2026年10月13日发表在期刊《npj Ocean Sustainability》上，是首个显示鲨鱼生态游客至少持续两年保护承诺的研究。结合近年来新闻与网络对鲨鱼更为正面的态度，作者认为这一产业的益处可能不止于当地经济收益。

Shark populations have fallen by about 71 percent over the past fifty years, and roughly one third of species now face extinction risk. At the same time, immersive in-water tours that let people observe sharks in natural habitats have grown quickly. More than 500,000 people a year are estimated to join interactive eco-activities with sharks and rays in at least twenty countries, including Australia, Hawaii, South Africa, Fiji, Palau, and French Polynesia.

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过去五十年，鲨鱼数量约下降了71%，大约三分之一的物种正面临灭绝风险。与此同时，让人们在自然栖息地近距离观察鲨鱼的沉浸式水中旅游迅速增长。据估计，每年有超过50万人在至少二十个国家参加与鲨鱼和鳐互动的生态活动，其中包括澳大利亚、夏威夷、南非、斐济、帕劳和法属波利尼西亚。

The research team surveyed two groups in Hawaii. Tour participants snorkeled or free-dived with sharks while a marine biologist recorded research observations and explained why sharks matter and what threats they face. A comparison group was drawn from members of the public on Waikiki Beach. Both groups answered the same questions about conservation actions at the time of contact and again two years later, so the team could track lasting change rather than short excitement alone.

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研究团队在夏威夷调查了两组人。旅游参与者在海洋生物学家陪同下浮潜或自由潜，观察鲨鱼；生物学家同时记录科研观察，并讲解鲨鱼为何重要、面临哪些威胁。对照组来自怀基基海滩的公众样本。两组都在接触当时和两年后再回答同样的保护行动问题，以便团队追踪持久变化，而不仅是短暂兴奋。

Two years after the tour, participants were 40 percent more likely to engage in shark conservation than would be expected without the experience. Conservation activity rose in both groups over time, but the increase was considerably larger among tour-goers. After accounting for starting differences such as prior involvement and demographic traits, the biggest gains among participants were posting on social media, signing petitions, making donations, and advocating for legislation.

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旅游结束后两年，参与者从事鲨鱼保护的可能性，比「若未参加」时的预期高出40%。两组的保护活动随时间都有上升，但旅游参与者增幅明显更大。在控制先前参与程度、人口特征等起点差异后，参与者增长最多的是在社交媒体发帖、签署请愿、捐款，以及推动立法。

Lead researcher Carmen Dobszewicz said responsible tour operators can support efforts to halt rapid declines and to shift common misconceptions about sharks. She argued that educational briefings about ecosystems, threats, and practical steps leave visitors with a clearer picture of what can still be rebuilt. Senior author Michele Barnes added that lasting change depends on stronger links between people and nature. The study does not claim every tour will produce the same results, yet it offers concrete guidance for operators who want tourism to serve conservation as well as local economies.

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第一作者 Carmen Dobszewicz 表示，负责任的旅游运营商可以支持遏制快速下降、扭转对鲨鱼常见误解的努力。她认为，关于生态系统、威胁与可行措施的讲解，能让游客更清楚哪些东西仍可重建。资深作者 Michele Barnes 补充说，持久改变取决于人与自然之间更牢固的联系。研究并不声称每次旅游都会得到同样结果，却为希望旅游兼服务保护与本地经济的运营商提供了具体指引。

新闻来源

• EurekAlert! · How shark ecotourism sparks long-term conservation (13 Oct 2026)
• The University of Sydney · How shark ecotourism sparks long-term conservation (14 Oct 2026)

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