中文导读

澳大利亚教育研究组织（AERO）于2026年10月14日提醒学校谨慎使用课堂人工智能，以免出现“认知外包”、损害长期学习。建议小学前三年完全避免，之后结合明示教学审慎使用；高中可逐步引入。联邦教育部长亦关注屏幕时间与数字素养。本文据ABC News、AERO与The Educator同日报道撰写。

正文

Australian schools have been told to use artificial intelligence sparingly in class, or risk harming students’ long-term learning. On October 14, 2026, the Australian Education Research Organisation, known as AERO, released advice for teachers, school leaders and policymakers. AERO is a national body jointly funded by Commonwealth and state governments. Its chief executive, Dr Jenny Donovan, said AI can become a distraction and can disguise the fact that children treat it as a crutch rather than a tool for learning.

本段译文

澳大利亚学校接到提醒：课堂应谨慎使用人工智能，否则可能损害学生的长期学习。2026年10月14日，澳大利亚教育研究组织（AERO）向教师、学校管理者和政策制定者发布建议。AERO是由联邦与州政府共同资助的国家机构。其首席执行官珍妮·多诺万博士表示，人工智能可能成为干扰，并掩盖儿童把它当作拐杖、而非学习工具这一事实。

The core warning is about what Donovan calls cognitive outsourcing. That is when students rely on a tool to do the thinking for them. AERO reviewed studies in Australia and overseas. Some overseas research found that students who used AI could not replicate their results when the technology was removed in an exam setting. Donovan said novice learners face real risk: if they never have to think for themselves, or do not do enough of it, they may never build the knowledge needed to become independent, creative and critical thinkers.

本段译文

核心警告涉及多诺万所说的“认知外包”：学生依赖工具替自己思考。AERO审阅了澳大利亚与海外研究。一些海外研究发现，使用人工智能的学生在考试中失去该技术后，无法复现原先成绩。多诺万说，新手学习者面临真实风险：如果从不自己思考，或练习不足，就可能永远无法积累成为独立、有创造力且善于批判思考者所需的知识。

Age matters in the guidance. Donovan said AI should be avoided completely in the first three years of primary school. After that, it should be used carefully and only alongside established practices such as explicit instruction. Foundational knowledge, she argued, must sit in long-term memory before students lean on digital props. In high school, however, she said AI becomes important to introduce because it will form part of later higher education.

本段译文

指导意见区分年龄。多诺万说，小学前三年应完全避免使用人工智能；之后也只能谨慎使用，并与明示教学等既有做法结合。她认为，学生在依赖数字辅助之前，必须先把基础知识稳固写入长期记忆。不过她也说，高中阶段有必要引入人工智能，因为它将成为后续高等教育的一部分。

AERO does not claim that every AI use is harmful. Students already turn to AI for information, translation, writing and editing. Teachers may gain help with planning, scaffolding and workload. Some states, including New South Wales, have built tools that guide reasoning instead of handing students finished essays. Donovan still warned parents against unfettered home access to chatbots such as ChatGPT, and she favoured carefully designed school versions.

本段译文

AERO并不认为每一次使用人工智能都有害。学生已经用它查资料、翻译、写作和编辑；教师也可能在备课、搭建支架和减轻工作负担上获益。包括新南威尔士在内的一些州开发了引导学生推理、而非直接交付完整作文的工具。多诺万仍提醒家长，不要让孩子在家无限制使用ChatGPT一类聊天机器人，并更支持精心设计的校园版本。

The evidence base remains thin. AERO found that many studies are short-term, conducted overseas, focused on engagement rather than learning, and rarely set in primary schools. Federal Education Minister Jason Clare said many teachers and parents worry that AI is doing the thinking for students. He argued that digital skills include knowing how not to use AI, and that schools may need to wind screen time back. AERO’s explainers urge clear schoolwide expectations, careful assessment design, and policy that follows how students actually acquire, retain and apply knowledge.

本段译文

相关证据仍然薄弱。AERO发现许多研究周期短、在海外开展、侧重参与度而非学习效果，且很少以小学为场景。联邦教育部长杰森·克莱尔表示，许多教师和家长担心人工智能在替学生思考。他认为数字技能包括知道如何不使用人工智能，学校或许需要适当减少屏幕时间。AERO的说明材料呼吁全校明确使用预期、审慎设计评价，并让政策依循学生如何真正获取、保持和应用知识。

新闻来源

• ABC News · Education research body urges schools to use AI sparingly due to learning risks (14 Oct 2026)
• Australian Education Research Organisation · AI in schools: Considerations for school leaders and teachers (14 Oct 2026)
• Australian Education Research Organisation · AI in schools: Considerations for policymakers (14 Oct 2026)
• The Educator K/12 · Schools get new guidance on the use of AI in classrooms (14 Oct 2026)

✳更多文章 →